The Facts: Sources

1. Source: Paeratakul S, Ferdinand D, Champagne C, Ryan D, Bray G. Fast food consumption among US adults and children. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 2003; 103: 1332-8.
2. Source: Bowman SA, Gortmaker SL, Ebbeling CB, Pereira MA, Ludwig DS. Effects of fast-food consumption on energy intake and diet quality among children in a national household survey. Pediatrics 2004; 113[1]: 112-8.
3. Source: Physical activity levels among children aged 9-13 years-United States, 2002. MMWR 2003; 52[33]: 785-8 and National Center for Health Statistics, National Health Interview Survey, 1999-2001.
4. Source: Results from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2000. Journal of School Health 2001, 71[7].
5. Source: Physical activity levels among children aged 9-13 years-United States, 2002. MMWR 2003; 52[33]: 785-8 and National Center for Health Statistics, National Health Interview Survey, 1999-2001.
6. Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
7. Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000. The Journal of the American Medical Association 2004; 291: 2847-50.
8. Source: A Nation at Risk: Obesity in the United States, A Statistical Sourcebook 2005. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the American Heart Association, p. 6.
9. Source: Freedman DS, Dietz WH, Srinivassan SR, Berenson GS. The relation of overweight to cardiovascular risk factors among children and adolescents: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Pediatrics 1999; 103: 1175-82.
10. Source: The Problem of Overweight in Children and Adolescents. Department of Health and Human Services Fact Sheet at http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/topics/obesity/calltoaction/ fact_adolescents.htm
11. Source: Li X, Li S, Ulusoy E, Chen W, Srinivassan SR, Berenson GS. Childhood adiposity as a predictor of cardiac mass in adulthood: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Circulation 2004; 110: 3488-92.